The United States Public Policy - 1703 Words

Healthcare has been at the forefront of United States public policy for decades. Ever since President Roosevelt proposed healthcare reform during his 1912 run for president, reform has been a policy position often espoused in American politics, culminating with Social Security in the 1930s, Medicare in the 1960s, and finally the Affordable Care Act in 2010 (Palmer 1). While the goal of the Affordable Care Act is to provide care for every American, the United States has never fully adopted a single payer system; a healthcare system that provides universal care to every American. Furthermore, current systems within the United States that maintain single-payer attributes are subject to scrutiny from politicians and activists alike. While†¦show more content†¦In the article â€Å"What is Single Payer†, Physicians for a National Health Program define single-payer healthcare as â€Å"national health insurance†¦Ã¢â‚¬  whereas â€Å"...All residents of the U.S. would be covered for all medically necessary services...† (1-2). This is, of course, in stark contrast to the United State’s former system: employer based health insurance. Public opposition to the system undoubtedly lead to the Affordable Care Act (which fits within the aforementioned definition), and many wish to continue these reforms. Physicians for a National Health Program, a group that supports single payer, contend that a single payer system is necessary, for their estimates show that, â€Å"premiums would disappear; 95 percent of all households would save money† under a single payer system (2). Nevertheless, the promises of more productive and accessible care are at odds with certain findings. Deane Waldman, author of â€Å"Articles: Five Strikes Against Single Payer Healthcare† found that, historically, there have been five recurring problems associated with single payer healthcare: price controls, long waiting periods, rationing of care, inefficiency, and exorbitant costs. Waldman explains that price controls, such as price caps on pharmaceutical drugs which, in turn, destroyed Italy’s pharmaceutical industry (3-4). Waldman continues by elaborating on the woes of Canada’s system, suggesting that some Canadians literally died while waiting for care. She argues that care wasShow MoreRelatedPublic Policy : The United States1453 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States’ government has a responsibility to ensure the safety and security of its citizens and in doing so creates what is called public policy. The simplest way to describe public policy is an action that is taken by a government in order to address issues that they are facing. Public policy as its name states is generated through the government process such as the legislative branch. In order to address these issues the legislative branch enacts laws and regulations. Law is a majorRead MoreThe Role Of Public And Corporate Policies On The United States1886 Words   |  8 PagesSiting and operation of coal fired power plants in the U.S. today is a clear example of public and corporate policies disproportionately impacting communities of color and communities with low economic or political leverage. As discussed below, all the usual suspects associated with hazardous industrial operations make appearances. Direct toxicity, unexplained health issues, economic penalties, and failing schools (further concentration of low-income and less mobile) ravage the communities unfortunateRead MorePublic Policy Is An Essential Element Of The United States Government977 Words   |  4 PagesPublic policy is an essential element of the United States’ government. Congress, the president, the Cabinet, as well as the thousands members of the bureaucracy, all play a crucial role in defining how political decision are made in the United States. Public policy not only shapes the national government, but it also shapes the state and local governments as well. Domestic, foreign, and economic policies are come together to form public policy as a whole and all deal with different issues and problemsRead MoreThe Priorities Of The United States Public Policy Making Process949 Words   |  4 PagesThe top priorities in the United States’ public policy making process continue to be protection from terrorism, a stronger economy, and the creation of more jobs (Pew Research Center, 2015). However, with a growing concern for public health and safety due to environmental issues, perhaps our policy makers should address the issues we face daily while living in our communities. The environmental issues extend beyond unhealthy, and risky conditions due to waste management and unsustainable lifestylesRead MoreFlood Policies In The United States And The Netherlands Case Study1502 Words   |  7 PagesThis paper is about comparing flood policies in the United States and the Netherlands. How both countries are taking different approaches to a similar situation that both faces. Especially with the rising waters from global warming. This paper looks at what is causing these two different approaches. Is something domestic going on in the United States and the Netherlands that is leading to this result such as economics or public opinion? The research in this paper is intended to help solve this importantRead MoreThe Legalization Of Marijuana1123 Words   |  5 Pagesand distributing marijuana within state and national borders. The last aspect of the proposal would require for marijuana to be regulated exactly like alcohol by the Food and Drug Administration as well as the Bureau of Alcohol, Tabaco, Firearms, and Explosives. Both of these proposals are probable options for the United States, but the key question they must answer is: Should marijuana be a national issue or a states issue? When discussing current marijuana policy they are certain rules put in placeRead MoreThe Process by Which Topics Become Public Policies1577 Words   |  6 PagesBecomes a Policy by for Summer 2013 In the United States, the process by which topics become public policy are the topics of animated cartoons for children (i.e., Schoolhouse Rock!s Im just a bill), but far less known is the specific process by which healthcare topics go on to become formal policies. Because every healthcare policy has the potential to affect all American healthcare consumers, it is important to understand the process by which a topic eventually becomes a policy. To thisRead MorePolitical Involvement os Power of the Public1456 Words   |  6 Pagesis the power of public opinion. When the people collectively begin to aggressively voice their concerns for a certain action to take place, it forces the hand of the government to act in response to that distress (Kraft and Furlong, 2013). There are currently nineteen states that offer a higher minimum wage than the federal mandate. Thirteen states raised their minimum wage levels on January 1, 2014, increasing the purchasing power of the lowest paid worker s in each respective state, some of the increasesRead MoreLyndon Johnson And The Vietnam War934 Words   |  4 PagesAsian and bring back home our troops. A policy Nixon redefined was the American role in the world by suggesting to limit the U.S resources and commitments. Therefore, Nixon’s set his efforts to end the war since the withdrawal from Vietnam was not an immediate option. Also, Nixon had his radar on Moscow and China because according to George C. Herring, they felt that they must release the United States from the war in a way that would uphold United States credibility with their friends and foes alikeRead MoreThe Strategic Management Of Health Systems And Services For Population Health Gain Essay1017 Words   |  5 Pages Investigating the Strategic Management of Health Systems and Services for Population Health gain in United States Qinran Liu Washington University in St. Louis Statement of the Problem Population health in the U.S has recently improved, as strategic management in health system develops. The United States has overtime experienced changes in the health system and services as the population increases and demand for healthcare. The regional balancing in rural and urban healthcare development

Spread of Islam to North Africa Essay - 582 Words

â€Å"There are about 1.6 billion Muslims, or 23% of the world’s population, making Islam the second-largest religion†(Desilver 1). The Muslim religion is very dominant religion in the 21st century. It is grown about 2.9% a year. This religion wasn’t always always so prominent, and so widely accepted. The Muslim religion was created by the Prophet Muhammad around 610 C.E. The religion started off in present day Saudi Arabia, the religions followers soon realized they would need to spread if they wish to keep their religion alive. Islam was spread to North Africa as a result of conquest over African tribes, missionary efforts by the Muslim people, and traders spreading the religion by ear. At first the amount of people that supported the Muslim†¦show more content†¦Although missionary efforts played a big role in the spread of the Islamic religion; traders who spread the religion by ear were the most effective. Trade played a massive part in the spread in the Islamic religion. Not because the people would â€Å"trade† the religion but they would talk about it and discuss the up and down to the Muslim faith. This would get people to see the upside of the Islamic religion. It also helped that during this time period the Arabian peninsula could have been the trade center of the world because it was in the middle of the known world. The Muslim people would also spread the religion through trade because it would help the trade and economy of the country. The main reason that it spread the fastest and the most effective, was because it was quickest way to speak about the religion to other people in the world. North Africa was exposed to the Islamic religion because of the Muslim Arab army conquering African tribes, the Muslims missionary efforts, and traders telling people about the religion. During the time while the Muslims were conquering, they actually did very little conquering and more spreading. They didn’t force the religion just showed the good side of the religion. When the people who tried to spread the religion to help out their religion, they would state the good sides of the religion. The good sides were thatShow MoreRelatedIslam Spread Over A Large Portion Of Africa898 Words   |  4 PagesIslam spread over a large portion of Africa through trade with Arabs and the people in the interior of Africa, the Sufi brotherhoods that helped to solidify the beliefs in people, and Arab settlers in Africa. In combination with those, the vast trade networks in Africa and the Indian Ocean, the rise of states in West Africa, urbanization of towns, and the Islamic revivalist moveme nt all helped to spread the religion and ideologies of Islam through Africa. The origins of Islam in Africa did stem fromRead MoreThe Change to Trade Routes Over Time926 Words   |  4 PagesIn 300 C.E., trade routes were primarily between Europe and North Africa. The way that they changed by 1450 C.E. was that they expanded southward and westward. By 1450, these trade routes went all the way through West Africa, sub-Saharan Africa, and the Indian Ocean. One factor that was unchanged during this time period was that the northern coast of Africa was always involved in the trade between Africa and the rest of Eurasia. The trade networks between African and Eurasia remained very importantRead MoreThe Between West Africa And South Africa1318 Words   |  6 PagesWhile the nearness of Islam in West Africa goes back to eighth century, the spread of the confidence in locales that are presently the cutting edge conditions of Senegal, Gambia, Guinea, Burkina Faso, Niger, Mali and Nigeria, was in reality, a progressive and complex procedure. A lot of what we think about the early history of West Africa originates from medieval records composed by Middle Easterner and North African geographers and antiquarians. Experts have utilized a few models to disclose whyRead MoreChristianity in Northern Africa Essay1582 Words   |  7 PagesI. INTRODUCTION Christianity in Africa is not a recent happening nor is it a product of colonialism if we go back to the very time of the apostle. Christianity in most area was confronted during the centuries after the struggle by Islam, the Christian religion suffered in some measure, but did not disappear. Christianity has been flourishing on the northern part of this continent for years before Islam was born. Christianity in North African seemed to have been well founded deeply entrenched andRead MoreAfrican Civilizations And The Spread Of Islam1745 Words   |  7 PagesCornell Notes Topic/Objective: Chapter 8:African Civilizations and the Spread of Islam Name: Maddy Garza Class/Period: 4B Date: September 18, 2015 African Societies: Diversity and Similarities – Stateless Societies - Common Elements in African Societies The Arrival of Islam in North Africa The Christian Kingdoms: Nubia and Ethiopia Kingdom of the Grasslands Sudanic StatesRead MoreMali : The Largest Country1246 Words   |  5 Pages1. Mali - Mali is the eighth largest country in the entire West Africa. The economic center of Mali runs on agriculture and also fishing. Mali is the third largest gold producing country in the world, another interesting thing it produces is salt. Mali also produced a federation in the year 1960 after gaining independence Mali had gotten the Mali federation. 2. Chad - Chad is located in central West Africa it borders with Libya and Sudan on either side of it. Chad is a very unique place it isRead MoreThe Growth Of Trade Between Africa1037 Words   |  5 Pagesbetween Africa, Asia and Europe influenced a very important religion. The location of the Islamic world was ideal for trade, it lay between the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean. Muslims traveled by land and sea, creating a network of trade. A Muslim scholar named Ibn Battuta traveled around Europe, Africa and Asia for about 7 years. Ibn Battuta traveled all around West Africa, Europe and Asia. The goods they traded were silk, paper, dishes, spices, gems and coconuts. By A.D. 1000, Islam had theRead MoreHow Trade in West Africa Encouraged The Spread of Islam1151 Words   |  5 PagesHOW TRADE IN WEST AFRICA ENCOURAGED THE SPREAD OF ISLAM Islam, a monotheistic and spiritually based religion which refers to the act of giving great reverence to the Supreme Being, â€Å"submission to God† was found in the Saudi Arabian countries by the Prophet Muhammad in 610 C.E.1 The religion which was renowned for its triumph, patent power with an open set of beliefs about the Dos and the DONTs so as to gain access to heaven spread spontaneously as people learned of it through trade.1 It is todayRead MoreLong Distance Trade in West Africa856 Words   |  4 PagesAfrican History 18 March 2011 History of Trade Influence in West Africa Trade has played an important role in the history of the West African region. Trade shaped the region in two main ways. Trade worked as a catalyst for the rise of nearly every empire in the region from its’ earliest times to present day. Also, the growth and spread of trade routes brought in an immense amount of culture with it as well. Trade is and has been a reason for organization in all parts of the world from theRead MoreIslam And The Trans Atlantic Trade1739 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Islam is a religion created in the seventh century by Muhammad a, Arab long distance merchant from Mecca. Muhammad was born and grew in an era where Christianity was the dominant religion in the Mediterranean region. The message of Christianity was at the time spreading so fast through the major trading routes in what is commonly known as the Trans Atlantic trade. Mecca happened to have been on one of the trade routes of goods and ideas. It is not a surprise to find that Islam as a religion

Broken April Reflection Essay Example For Students

Broken April Reflection Essay 1. The Code in Albania pushes the balance between men and women. In one of the more depressing traditions, the husband is not allowed to wait on the wedding. If by some chance there is a murder, then according to tradition â€Å"the bride enters on one side, the dead man leaves on the other† (75). This oxymoronic happy/sad relationship with a dual wedding/funeral shows the extent to which the bessa can disrupt the balance between the living and the dead. A living, happy woman is held with equal regard as a very, very dead man. These extremities in the relationship between the man and the woman in the Code are further highlighted with the â€Å"tradition† with the bride’s family. The husband is given the â€Å"blessed cartridge† for â€Å"if she proved unfaithful†, the husband would be allowed to shoot her. Here, the woman is again looked down upon. Just like with the murder tradition, the rights of women are again seconded to the rights of men. This disruption in the balance between man and women is also reflected in Bessian and Diana, when Bessian says to Diana â€Å" ‘you are a child’†. Continuing with his rather patronizing tone whenever addressing Albanian culture to Diana, Bessian and Diana’s relationship and interaction reveal some of the frictional components in their marriage. His personality and his inability to understand Diana places his position in their marriage as much higher than that of Diana’s. Thus, the Kanun values men over women. 2. Kanun culture clashes with modern society when Diana and Bessian visit the Prince of Orosh. When Mark Ukacierra meets Diana and Bessian he feels dislike â€Å"as soon as he had laid eyes on them† (133). To him, Diana and Bessian epitomize the progressiveness and modernization that even the Prince is beginning to embrace. Ukacieera, however, remains in the trapped blood-feud mentality and is unable to accept changes to his mindset. He was ashamed to admit that he â€Å"had felt fear in the presence of a woman† and that arguments about the Kanun â€Å"quietly fell apart† when they reached Diana’s eyes. Because Ukacierra has been engrained with the Kanun tradition for so long, his mindset perceives the Kanun as being correct and prevents any change. Thus when Diana appears, her presence metaphorically brings â€Å"modern† society and the conflicting viewpoints of tradition versus modernization. Here, Ismail Kadare questions the reality of the Kanun and whether of not it is a way of â€Å"safeguarding† culture, or rather simply a destruction of culture (because there is no advancement). 3. Following the trip to the Kullah, Diana and Bessian’s marriage begins to fall apart. Bessian begins to realize that although â€Å"he leaned towards the window, could not tell where were† (169). This confusion of the setting reflects on Bessian’s internal confusion with his wife. The window metaphorically shows the troubles of Bessian’s marriage. Although Bessian can see his wife clearly, it is as if he is examining her through a window; although she is right next to him, mentally she is not right next to him. Thus when Bessian gently nuzzles her, â€Å"she did not move, she came no closer nor did she draw away† (169). Here Bessian realizes that something has â€Å"broken† in Diana. He hopes that â€Å"something might be saved† and goes on to ask himself â€Å"what is happening to me?†, not what is happening to Diana. The cause of Diana’s silence and indifference, ironically enough, comes from the experiences she has witnessed because of the oppressiveness of the Kanun (which Bessian so admires). This ultimately â€Å"oppresses† Diana to the point in which the Kanun becomes her only reality and she becomes utterly obsessed with Gjorg. Since the Kanun drags families in a reality that has no end, the Kanun also drags both Diana and Diana’s marriage into this reality.

Mitigation Essays - Environmental Economics,

Mitigation Mitigation measures for all culturally significant locations found during an archaeological survey along the thirty-mile long proposed gas pipeline project in portions of Cleveland and McClain Counties in central Oklahoma should consider the degree of the impact, such as, no adverse affect, an adverse effect, or no effect. Other consideration, when considering mitigation techniques is how significant is the impact. Early notification of the State historic preservation officers is also important when determining historical site information and mitigation considerations. 1.Mitigation plans for location A (5 miles east of the westernmost point of the pipeline), which is already included in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) would consist of the following; alternate routes that would avoid the NRHP site completely, down scaling the proposed project size, or possibly abandoning the pipeline project completely. All these proposed mitigation techniques could be used which would spare the NRHP site any adverse effects. If the pipeline project must continue along the proposed route, alternative mitigation options could be used. Possibly repairing, rehabilitating or even restoring the site where any damage has occurred during the construction phase of the pipeline. If these mitigation would not be acceptable, then relocation of the site and the salvage of all sites' material if the site location had to be destroyed during construction. 2.Location B and C (8 miles and 9 miles, respectively, east of the westernmost point of the pipeline), were found eligible for NRHP protection. Mitigation measures at both location B and C would be the same as location A, since properties eligible for inclusions are covered under section 106 of The National Historic Preservation Act which is the same as properties already listed in the NRHP. 3.At location D (14 miles east of the westernmost point of the pipeline), an old building used as a farm house by early settler (about 100 years ago) in Cleveland county was found not eligible for the NRHP. Even thought the farmhouse was not eligible for the NRHP this does not necessarily mean that the farmhouse does not have historical value to the Locals. Consideration of Local concerns should be addressed when considering destruction of the farmhouse and possible mitigation measures. Other considerations include possible future eligibility to the NRHP, since the farmhouse is 100 years old. Possible mitigation measure could include relocation of the farmhouse or event an alternate route for the pipeline. Finally it may be necessary to demolish the farmhouse in the interest of the gas pipeline project. 4.At location E (23 miles east of the westernmost point of the pipeline) several grave sites were found: which are thought to be a part of a larger Indian burial ground. This location and all associated items would be protected by The Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act of 1990. Mitigation recommendation for this site would be not to disturb the graves by rerouting the pipeline, or canceling the pipeline project. Disruption of the Indian burial ground as a mitigation alternative would be unlikely. Prearranged plans should be made for any additional historic properties found during the construction phase of the thirty-mile long pipeline. The plans should be included in any documentation during the assessment and consultation steps of the Section 106 process. It may be necessary to develop agreements or Memoranda of Understanding with the state and local archaeological agencies just in case a site is discovered during the construction phase. Care should be taken not to divulge any information to the public until the historical site is protected from thieves and from people that could damage the site.